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Peru spreads over a surface of approximately 1,285,215
square km and has sovereign territorial rights over
60 million hectares in the Antarctic.
In a bid to conserve representative samples of its flora,
fauna and landscapes, Peru has introduced a number of
legal and social mechanisms to protect its biological
diversity.
These efforts are channeled through the National System
of Natural Areas under State Protection (SINANPE) created
in 1990 within the General Bureau of Natural Protected
Areas and Wildlife as a division of the National Institute
of Natural Resources (INRENA). To date, SINANPE monitors
a total of 50 natural areas or conservation units that
comprise approximately 10% of the national territory.
In turn, these areas are classified by category of use,
including national parks, reserves and sanctuaries,
historical and national sanctuaries, reserved zones,
game reserves, protection forests and communal reserves.
Of these, the first five are the most significant. Following
is a representative sample of each area.
Note: The letter(s)
in parathesis next to the name of each protected area
correspond(s) to one or more of the 11 ecoregions (a-k)
described on pages 9 to 19. To calculate Fahrenheit
temperatures: 9/5 (ºC) + 32.
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Peru Ecology
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